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Open Access Article

1 - تأثیر ویژگی¬های خدمات بر کارکنان و مشتریان (مورد مطالعه: هتل‏های پارسیان اصفهان)

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Open Access Article

2 - The Impact of Perceived Value and Sense of Place on Tourist Loyalty (Case Study: Hamedan Province)
mostafa taheri

The objective of this paper is to analyze the factors that impact tourist loyalty from two perspectives: “perceived value” and “sense of place”. The study aims to answer the following questions: Are there any relations between the dimensions of perceived value and sense More

The objective of this paper is to analyze the factors that impact tourist loyalty from two perspectives: “perceived value” and “sense of place”. The study aims to answer the following questions: Are there any relations between the dimensions of perceived value and sense of place with loyalty to the destination brand? If so, to what extent are they correlated? Which dimensions play a more important role? Sample size was determined by using Cochran’s formula. A total of 384 questionnaires were randomly destributed between tourists in Hamedan Province during summer 2016. Given the Pearson correlation coefficients, the dimensions of perceived value (Functional, emotional, and social value) and sense of place (identity, dependence, and attachment) were found to be associated with tourist loyalty to destination brand. Standardized R2 was 45.9 and nearly 45 percent of the variation in tourist loyalty was explained by the model. Perceived Functional value and sense of dependence were the strongest predictors of loyalty, followed by perceived emotional value, social value, sense of attachment, and sense of identity, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Impact of Co-branding Elements on Customers’ Satisfaction and Loyalty in Chain Restaurants in Tehran
Jafar Ahangaran رضا اصلاني

Restaurant management is one of the important subsets of the tourism industry that makes tourist destinations more attractive. Additionally, food can be a cultural signifier and promote different cultural perspectives. Emerging concepts like co-branding can develop and More

Restaurant management is one of the important subsets of the tourism industry that makes tourist destinations more attractive. Additionally, food can be a cultural signifier and promote different cultural perspectives. Emerging concepts like co-branding can develop and improve the status of restaurant management in Iran. This research surveyed the impact of co-branding elements on customers’ satisfaction and loyalty in chain restaurants in Tehran. This is an applied research. Data are qualitative. Methods of data collection are documentary and survey. The statistical population was chain restaurants in Tehran. Data were collected through 268 questionnaires with convenience sampling. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling have been used for data analysis. Research conceptual model evaluation has been done through partial least square path analysis with PLS software. The results indicated the impact of 3 elements of co-branding strategy on customers’ satisfaction and loyalty. The elements are “Price advantage, rewards-based advertising, and support services.” Co-branding can be an effective marketing strategy for restaurant managers to increase their customers’ satisfaction, and to make a better policy to achieve their goals. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Conceptualizing Entrepreneurial Marketing in Iran’s Hotel Industry; a qualitative approach
Morteza Khazaei Pool Abolfazl Tajzadehnamin Hamid Zargham Boroojeni mehdi karoubi

This paper tries to identify the dimensions and indicators of entrepreneurial marketing in the hotel industry by establishing a link between three areas of marketing, entrepreneurship and the hotel industry. The research method is a qualitative exploratory method. To ga More

This paper tries to identify the dimensions and indicators of entrepreneurial marketing in the hotel industry by establishing a link between three areas of marketing, entrepreneurship and the hotel industry. The research method is a qualitative exploratory method. To gather data, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 senior hotel managers in Tehran to discover the dimensions and indicators of entrepreneurial marketing in the hotel industry. The results of the interviews showed that the dimensions of the entrepreneurial marketing comprised 62 indicators and eleven dimensions of “risk management,” “innovativeness,” “proactiveness,” “customer orientation,” “competitor orientation,” “opportunity orientation,” “pioneerism,” “networking,” “being updated,” “supply and participation” and “value creation.” The review and critique comparison of the result in manufacturing, retail, food and information technology industry indicated that the dimensions and indicators of the concept of entrepreneurial marketing in the hotel industry were different from non-tourism and hospitality businesses. Manuscript profile

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5 - Stereotype imaginations influencing pilgrims’ social trust toward people of Mashhad
fateme eshaghi Mohammad مظلوم خراسانی ali akbar majdi

Analyzing and describing “pilgrims’ stereotype imaginations” and “social confidence of pilgrims toward people LIVING in Mashhad” are the two important components in relationships and social interactions of the guest-host. Data were gathered through surveying, using a qu More

Analyzing and describing “pilgrims’ stereotype imaginations” and “social confidence of pilgrims toward people LIVING in Mashhad” are the two important components in relationships and social interactions of the guest-host. Data were gathered through surveying, using a questionnaire. Statistical population included 310 pilgrims visiting the holy city of Mashhad. The results showed that pilgrims assume the people in Mashhad to be warm, sociable, kind, down to earth, hospitable, patient (positive stereotype imaginations) and to some extent religious and lawful (average or neutral level) and also profit-making, money lovers, stingy and mean, and unfair (negative stereotype imaginations). The level of pilgrims trust toward people in Mashhad was average. Using One-way Variable Analysis and Multiple Regression Methods, to check the hypotheses, showed that pilgrims’ stereotype imaginations had a positive meaningful relationship with the level of social confidence of people in Mashhad, and had the most effect among all measured variables. Other important, effective factors were ethnocentrism, satisfaction, social-economic status, gender, marital status, and ethnicity. Other variables that influenced stereotype imaginations of pilgrims included gender, place of residence, ethnicity, satisfaction, and ethnocentrism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The Role of Brand Romance in Customer Loyalty in Hotel Industry: The case of five and four-star hotels in Mazandaran province
Amir Khazaei Pool Farhad Hanifi Vahid Reza Mirabi

Brand romance is an important construct in marketing. It refers to a potential mental state in response to the brand and is created based on a strong positive emotion, arousal, and the dominance of a brand in the subjective mind of the consumer. The aim of this study wa More

Brand romance is an important construct in marketing. It refers to a potential mental state in response to the brand and is created based on a strong positive emotion, arousal, and the dominance of a brand in the subjective mind of the consumer. The aim of this study was to test the effect of brand romance on the four types of customer loyalty, including cognitive, emotional, conative and behavioral loyalty. In the qualitative section, participants were customers who were selected using purposive sampling based on the saturation principle. In the quantitative section, the statistical population included the travelers of five and four-star hotels in Mazandaran province. Members of the statistical population were distributed based on the stratified sampling method. Classes were determined based on the number of hotel rooms. Collected data were tested using Smart PLS software. The results showed that brand romance had a positive and significant effect on the four types of loyalty in the hotel industry. The highest effect was on cognitive loyalty and the lowest was on behavioral loyalty. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The Role of Social Responsibilities on Developing Brand Equity in Tourist Destinations: The case of Isfahan
Mohammad ghaffari amirreza konjkav monfared

This research investigated the effects of social responsibilities on brand equity in tourism destinations. This is an applied study and follows surveying in goal and method. The statistical population of this study included foreign tourists who traveled to Isfahan and v More

This research investigated the effects of social responsibilities on brand equity in tourism destinations. This is an applied study and follows surveying in goal and method. The statistical population of this study included foreign tourists who traveled to Isfahan and visited Naqshe Jahan Square in summer 2017. Data-collection instrument was a researcher-developed questionnaire based on the literature and it included 40 closed questions. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were examined and confirmed through content and construct validities, and Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient. To analyze the data and to test the hypotheses, both SEM and path analysis were used in the SPSS and LISREL, respectively. The findings showed that social responsibilities in tourism destinations significantly affected brand through brand awareness; perceived value; perceived quality of tourism destination; the brand image of tourism destination; loyalty towards tourism destination. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The Impact of the Brand Management System on Employees’ Brand Performance in Travel and Tourism Companies
Ardeshir Shiri Maryam Mesbahi Amin Hemmati

Given the increasing level of competition among service companies, the role and the importance of intangible assets have increased. A brand is an intangible asset that is the most important factor in distinguishing a company and creating a competitive advantage for it. More

Given the increasing level of competition among service companies, the role and the importance of intangible assets have increased. A brand is an intangible asset that is the most important factor in distinguishing a company and creating a competitive advantage for it. In the competitive environment of the tourism industry, maintaining and developing the market share result from the brand performance. Since the role of staff is significant in transferring the company’s brand contracts to customers (in service companies), this research tried to understand why the brand management system was important. It also tried to empirically investigate the effect of the brand management system on brand performance at the employee level, and the mediation effects of brand identity, brand commitment, and brand loyalty. The statistical population of this research included employees of travel and tourism companies in Tehran. To get a sample size, the study used available sampling and Cochran’s formula. This is an applied research, and data analysis is descriptive and correlational. To analyze the data of the questionnaire, the study used confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. The results showed that the brand management system had no direct effect on the brand performance at the employee level. However, the brand management system indirectly influenced brand performance through brand identity, brand commitment, and brand loyalty. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Social Capital and Loyalty of Pilgrims from Isfahan to Sarshur Neighborhood in Mashhad
neda eidgahian kaseb Mozhgan Azimi Hashemi

A tourist behavior in the destination forms as a meaningful behavior in the form of a social action, of which relationship with others is the most important element. Through the description and analysis of the type and frequency of tourist relationships, and social capi More

A tourist behavior in the destination forms as a meaningful behavior in the form of a social action, of which relationship with others is the most important element. Through the description and analysis of the type and frequency of tourist relationships, and social capital resulting from them, one can predict a tourist behavior, attachment, and loyalty to the destination. This study examined the effect of the relationship network among pilgrims from Isfahan in the host community on their loyalty to Sarshur neighborhood in Mashhad. This research followed the survey method. In 2016, 150 pilgrims from Isfahan were selected during the day of Arbaeen and the week following it. Results showed that the average size of the relationship network of Isfahan pilgrims in Sarshur neighborhood was 2.11 People (range: 0 to 9). The average of the general index of Isfahan pilgrims’ attachment to Sarshur neighborhood was 4.31 (range: 3.06 to 5) and the loyalty index was 4.43 (range: 1 to 5). The results of the model of structural equations by AMOS software showed that two causal ways used in this model can explain 80% of the loyalty variance of Isfahan pilgrims. The social capital of the relationship network among Isfahan pilgrims in this neighborhood increased their attachment. This attachment (through increased satisfaction) caused an increase in tourists’ loyalty. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Sociological Analysis of Factors Influencing Destination Loyalty
طیبر ظیسبل

This paper is a part of a survey. It applies structural equal modeling techniques to analyze factors that influence tourism destination loyalty. The approach was “Tourism as a customer.” The customer buys leisure services from the provider and the destination. One model More

This paper is a part of a survey. It applies structural equal modeling techniques to analyze factors that influence tourism destination loyalty. The approach was “Tourism as a customer.” The customer buys leisure services from the provider and the destination. One model in this approach is the European Customer Satisfaction Index. Based on this model, variables influencing the loyalty of tourists to the host community are not just the service provided by the host community. Rather, loyalty is correlated to the image of the destination, and the related expectations of that image. The statistical population was the families and parents of the martyrs in Mashhad. The sample included 400 cases selected by stratified sampling. Based on regression coefficients, perceived value and perceived quality were factors that influenced trip satisfaction. The final model of path analysis showed perceived value and perceived quality influenced trip satisfaction. Perceived quality impacted life satisfaction both directly and indirectly. We considered this perceived value as a mediate variable. Perceived quality leads to a positive evaluation of travel achievement, and it increases trip satisfaction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Sociological Analysis of Factors Influencing Destination Loyalty
طیبر ظیسبل سميه عفتی

This paper is a part of a survey. It applies structural equal modeling techniques to analyze factors that influence tourism destination loyalty. The approach was “Tourism as a customer.” The customer buys leisure services from the provider and the destination. One model More

This paper is a part of a survey. It applies structural equal modeling techniques to analyze factors that influence tourism destination loyalty. The approach was “Tourism as a customer.” The customer buys leisure services from the provider and the destination. One model in this approach is the European Customer Satisfaction Index. Based on this model, variables influencing the loyalty of tourists to the host community are not just the service provided by the host community. Rather, loyalty is correlated to the image of the destination, and the related expectations of that image. The statistical population was the families and parents of the martyrs in Mashhad. The sample included 400 cases selected by stratified sampling. Based on regression coefficients, perceived value and perceived quality were factors that influenced trip satisfaction. The final model of path analysis showed perceived value and perceived quality influenced trip satisfaction. Perceived quality impacted life satisfaction both directly and indirectly. We considered this perceived value as a mediate variable. Perceived quality leads to a positive evaluation of travel achievement, and it increases trip satisfaction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Identifying Institutional Factors Influencing the Exploitation of Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Health-Tourism in Iran: a qualitative study of Tehran province
Kamal Sakhdari nader seyedamiri Alireza Rajaian Javad Sakhdari

Despite many potentials in health tourism in Iran, few entrepreneurial behaviors tried to use them. The nexus theory of actor-opportunity suggests that entrepreneurial behaviors result from a suitable combination of actors and the supporting environment. Institutional f More

Despite many potentials in health tourism in Iran, few entrepreneurial behaviors tried to use them. The nexus theory of actor-opportunity suggests that entrepreneurial behaviors result from a suitable combination of actors and the supporting environment. Institutional factors are among the important elements of a supporting context for entrepreneurship. This qualitative research aimed to identify institutional factors that influenced the exploitation of health-tourism opportunities in Tehran province. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs and health tourism experts. Interviewees were selected using targeted and snowball methods. This study took place in Tehran, April to July 2015. We introduced four categories of institutional factors: regulatory, normative, cognitive and supportive. These categories form the essential factors for exploiting entrepreneurial opportunities in health tourism in Iran focusing on the capital city of Tehran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - The Effect of Water Conservation and Waste Reduction Management on Increasing the Customer Loyalty in the Hotel Industry
Maryam Mesbahi Shokrieh Taheri Zahra Akbari

Developing the tourism industry had both positive (creating employment and environmental aesthetics) and negative effects (making environmental pollution and destroying ecosystems). In recent decades, the awareness of the environmental impacts of tourism increased as a More

Developing the tourism industry had both positive (creating employment and environmental aesthetics) and negative effects (making environmental pollution and destroying ecosystems). In recent decades, the awareness of the environmental impacts of tourism increased as a sign of a change in attitudes towards the environment. This research investigated the effect of water conservation and waste reduction management on increasing customer loyalty to show the role of hedonic values in the hotel industry. The statistical population included the customers of four- and five-star hotels in Tehran. The study used random sampling and Cochran formula to get a sample. A standard questionnaire was used as a tool to collect the data whose validity and reliability was examined through the content validity and Cronbach’s alpha. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The findings showed that water conservation and waste reduction management had positive and meaningful effects on hedonic values and customer loyalty. Hedonic values had positive and meaningful effects on customer loyalty. The results also showed that water conservation and waste reduction management through hedonic values had a significant positive effect on customer loyalty. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Investigating the Effect of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Service Quality, and Customers' Satisfaction and Loyalty in the Hotel Industry: A Case Study of Mazandaran Province’s Parsian International Hotels
jafar bahari mehdi karoubi Shahla Bahari

10.52547/journalitor.35756.10.20.157

This study sought to investigate the effect of organizational citizenship behavior on service quality offered to and the satisfaction and loyalty of customers in the hotel industry, selecting the Parsian International Hotels in Mazandaran province, including the Parsian More

This study sought to investigate the effect of organizational citizenship behavior on service quality offered to and the satisfaction and loyalty of customers in the hotel industry, selecting the Parsian International Hotels in Mazandaran province, including the Parsian Azadi Hotel in Ramsar, Iran (four-star) and the Parsian Azadi Khazar Hotel in Namakabroud, Chaloos, Iran (five-star) as the cases of the study, which was conducted in summer 2017. The study is regarded as applied in terms of purpose, descriptive in terms of research method, and survey in terms of data collection method, using Structural Equation Modeling and the Smart PKS Software to analyze the collected data. The study’s statistical population comprised all employees and visitors of Persian International Hotels in Mazandaran province, out of which the sample size was selected via random sampling and the Cochran. Moreover, a standard questionnaire was administered to collect the required data, whose reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha. The study’s results indicated that organizational citizenship behavior had a significant positive influence on service quality offered to and the satisfaction and loyalty of the customers. It was also found that the customers’ satisfaction had a significant positive effect on their loyalty and that the customers’ satisfaction had the greatest path coefficient value, exerting the highest influence on the customers’ loyalty compared to other variables. Finally, necessary recommendations were offered based on the results of the data analysis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Exploring the Relationship between the Culture of Cooperation and the Creative Performance of Tourism Hoteling Organizations Staff
majid sarani ali akbar amin bedokhti sakineh jafari

In today’s competitive world, the key to success of tourism and hoteling organizations lies in their provision of creative products and services with regard to the different needs of their customers. As the staff’s creativity could provide organizations with some compet More

In today’s competitive world, the key to success of tourism and hoteling organizations lies in their provision of creative products and services with regard to the different needs of their customers. As the staff’s creativity could provide organizations with some competitive advantages, they need to try more to increase their employees’ creativity so that they may enjoy such advantages. This applied descriptive-correlative study, therefore, set out to investigate the relationship between the culture of cooperation and the creative performance of those staff members working in tourism organizations and two, three and four-star hotels in Yazd, Iran. To this end, a population of 172 supervisors and employees from all two, three and four-star hotels of Yazd city were selected through stratified random sampling. Having administered the standard questionnaires on culture of cooperation, working environment, and creative performance, the collected data were analyzed through the path analysis model, using LISREL software. The findings of the study indicated a significant positive and direct correlation between the culture of cooperation and the employees’ creative performance, while the culture had no such effect on the creativity of the staff when enforced through the procedural justice as an intervening variable. It was also found that there was a significant indirect relationship between the culture and the employees’ creative performance when the sharing of knowledge acted as a mediator, and that the cooperative culture had an indirect effect on employees’ creativity with the motivation acting as a mediator. Moreover, the culture of cooperation proved to have a significant indirect influence on the employees’ creative performance with the promotion factor acting as an intervening variable. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - The Impact of Inbound Tourism Development on the Income Distribution among Households and Institutions (A Structural Path Analysis Approach)
Mohammadreza Farzin Niloofar Abbaspoor Yekta Ashrafi Hamid Zargham Boroojeni

Income generation potential of Tourism is a feature that has attracted the support of policymakers and host communities. The injection of inbound tourists’ expenditures to the destinations increases the income of households and institutions. Using the social accounting More

Income generation potential of Tourism is a feature that has attracted the support of policymakers and host communities. The injection of inbound tourists’ expenditures to the destinations increases the income of households and institutions. Using the social accounting matrix of 2011, this paper evaluates the impact of the development of inbound tourism sector on the income of the households and institutions, as well as its distribution. The social accounting matrix has been altered so that it can incorporate tourism sector as one single sector next to other sectors in the production account. Moreover, the channels through which this development affects the income of households and institutions have been identified adopting structural path analysis approach. The findings show that institutions, urban households and rural households enjoy the most income increase, respectively. The four-fold share of the urban households compared to that of the rurals indicates an increase in the income gap as a result of inbound tourism development. Transportation sector has the greatest share in transferring the income-generating effects of the inbound tourism development to the households and institutions. Labor and capital are the most important factors of production in transferring inbound tourism development income to the households and institutions respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Hotel Industry (Case Study: Parsian Azadi Khazar Hotel)
jafar bahari mehdi karoubi Shahla Bahari Samira Mohammadi

In today's highly competitive world, organizations are looking for new methods to maximize the performance and effort of their employees. The largest and most important capital of any organization, is it's human capital, that overshadowes other investments of the organ More

In today's highly competitive world, organizations are looking for new methods to maximize the performance and effort of their employees. The largest and most important capital of any organization, is it's human capital, that overshadowes other investments of the organization, and the achievement of the goals of the organizations largely depends on the proper functioning of the staff. Today, outstanding organizational performance can not be obtained merely from ordinary staff efforts. One of the reasons underling successes in large organizations is the fact that their staff performance is beyond their formal tasks. Present research aimed to Impact of Emotional Intelligence (EI) on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in the hotel industry in Parsian Azadi Khazar Hotel Chalus has been done in the summer of 2019. The data required for this research is collected by simple random sampling method and with tools of questionnaire. Also, structural equation method has been used by the Smart pls software to analyze data. The method of research is descriptive and correlational and Statistical population of this research is considered all employees of Parsian Azadi Khazar Hotel Chalus. To determine the sample size, Cochran's formula was used and sample size of 89 people was obtained. Also, simple random sampling method was used for sampling. The results showed that the Emotional Intelligence (EI) and every one of its dimensions on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) have a positive and significant impact. and also it was shown that Social Awareness variable has the largest is path coefficient and its impact on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is higher than other variables. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - The Impact of Destination Image and Satisfaction on Heritage Tourists’ Loyalty: resenting a Conceptual Model (Case Study: World Collection of Sheikh Safi al-Din Ardabili)
Habib Shahbazi Shiran Roya Esmi

The restoration, preservation, and prosperity of historical monuments in Iran are directly related to the presence of heritage tourists. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of destination image and satisfaction on heritage loyalty within a conc More

The restoration, preservation, and prosperity of historical monuments in Iran are directly related to the presence of heritage tourists. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of destination image and satisfaction on heritage loyalty within a conceptual model based on the visitors of Sheikh Safi al-Din Ardabili collection in Ardabil, Iran. The research method was descriptive-survey and the sample size was determined to be 375 people by using available sampling method and Cochran formula (unspecified population size). Data were analyzed using the SPSS and AMOS softwares. Results showed that most respondents had relatively high satisfaction with their visit to the collection. According to the results of structural equations analysis, the most effective variables related to loyalty, destination image and tourist satisfaction were the variables of tourists' revisit of the collection, awareness and interest and tourism costs, respectively. The destination image also has a significant effect on satisfaction; But effect of destination image on the heritage tourists’ loyalty is mediated by the mediating variable of satisfaction. Therefore, the focus of heritage tourism marketing programs on improving the destination image among heritage tourists would not necessarily lead to an increase in tourists' revisit from the collection. But, attention to satisfaction variable, especially reducing tourism costs and increasing the security feeling, can have more effect on tourists’ loyalty. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Investigating the Influence of Human Resources Management Activities on Customer Loyalty in the Hoteling Industry Using a Multilevel Approach
zahra Nikkhah-Farkhani Mohammad shaykhzade

10.52547/journalitor.36121.11.21.1

Considering the fact that customer loyalty is regarded as one of the most important concerns of hotel managers, this study sought to investigate the influence of human resources management activities on customer loyalty using a multi-level approach. The statistical popu More

Considering the fact that customer loyalty is regarded as one of the most important concerns of hotel managers, this study sought to investigate the influence of human resources management activities on customer loyalty using a multi-level approach. The statistical population of the study comprised of managers, staff, and customers of four-star and five-star hotels in Mashhad. Moreover, the statistical sample size of the research at the organization level consisted of thirty-four, one-hundred and forty, two-hundred and forty managers, staff, and customers at organizational, staff, and customer levels, respectively. On the other hand, Sam’s 12-item questionnaire (2008) and the 17-item questionnaire developed by Al-Rafiei et al. (2013) were used to measure the human resources management activities and the staff’s satisfaction and loyalty, respectively, whose validity and reliability was tested using the Content validity method and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. Finally, HLM 7.02 and the SPSS software were used to analyse the collected data. The results proved the positive influence of human resources management activities on the staff’s satisfaction and loyalty, and in turn, on the satisfaction and loyalty of the customers. Therefore, it could be argued that hotel managers can increase the loyalty of their customers by emphasizing human resource management activities and improving their staff’s satisfaction and loyalty, which would increase the profitability of hotels in the long term by reducing marketing costs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Assessing the Contributing Factors to the Tourism Professionals’ Attitude and Willingness Towards Green Tourism
mostafa mahmoudi Bahar Bishami

10.52547/journalitor.36143.10.20.0

Environmental crises and the destruction of natural resources are the main problems faced by the tourism industry, whose treatment requires concerted efforts to change the needs and behaviors of tourists and to offer green products and services. In this regard, as touri More

Environmental crises and the destruction of natural resources are the main problems faced by the tourism industry, whose treatment requires concerted efforts to change the needs and behaviors of tourists and to offer green products and services. In this regard, as tourism professionals play an important role in directing the market towards special styles and behaviors, especially environmentally friendly and sustainable behaviors, investigating the factors involved in shaping the attitude and tendency of such professionals to green tourism can help attract the attention of other beneficiaries to this field. The required data for this developmental/applied and descriptive/survey study was collected through a 31-item questionnaire administered to some 102 professionals in the tourism industry who were selected via purposive sampling. The data were then analyzed in the following two parts using the Structural Equation Modeling: 1) the measurement model to be used for examining the technical characteristics of the questionnaire and 2) the structural part to test the research hypotheses. The study’s findings indicated the direct positive influence of religiosity on collectivism, and the indirect effect of religiosity on other variables considered in the study. Moreover, while a positive correlation was found between collectivism, environmental concerns, environmental knowledge, and the tendency toward green tourism, no correlation was observed between religiosity and environmental knowledge, and between environmental knowledge and environmental concerns. Therefore, it is recommended that some courses be added to educational levels concerning how to protect the environment when traveling. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Investigating the Relationship between Service Quality and Customer's Satisfaction, Loyalty, and Trust: A Case Study of Tehran's Enghelab and Laleh Hotels
jafar bahari Shahla Bahari

10.52547/journalitor.36165.9.18.0

Today's business environment requires organizations to find new strategies to compete with their rivals. Therefore, maintaining customer satisfaction and loyalty is an important goal to achieve by organizations. In a world where competition among companies is constantly More

Today's business environment requires organizations to find new strategies to compete with their rivals. Therefore, maintaining customer satisfaction and loyalty is an important goal to achieve by organizations. In a world where competition among companies is constantly increasing, the immediate solution to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage is to improve the quality of services, which in turn leads to customer satisfaction. Many organizations have recognized that customer satisfaction can bring about their long-term success, and the entities involved in the tourism industry, especially the hotels, are no exception. Furthermore, many studies conducted in various industries have shown that providing quality services is a key factor in building customer loyalty. In other words, offering superior services to customers leads to customer satisfaction, which is necessary to establish customer loyalty. This functional survey study set out to investigate the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction, loyalty, and trust in the Enghelab and Laleh hotels in Tehran city. To collect the required data, some questionnaires were administered to the hotels' guests who were selected via the available non-random sampling method. The data were then analyzed via structural equation modeling using SMART PLS software. The results showed that service quality had a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction, trust, and loyalty. It was also found that customer satisfaction had a significant positive effect on customer's trust and loyalty. The impact of customer's trust on customer's loyalty was also proved to be positive and significant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Investigating the Role of Residents' Support for Health Tourism Development in Marketing Using the Cognitive Mapping Approach: A Case Study of Isfahan’s Healthcare Town
mahnaz Doosti-Irani Mir Mohammad Asadi

10.61186/journalitor.36247.11.23.63

Focusing on "the residents' support for the development of health tourism" as a variable that could be considered by marketers to increase demands for this kind of tourism, this study sought to investigate the variables affected by the residents' support and prepare a f More

Focusing on "the residents' support for the development of health tourism" as a variable that could be considered by marketers to increase demands for this kind of tourism, this study sought to investigate the variables affected by the residents' support and prepare a fuzzy cognitive map of such factors using a systemic model. To this end, the aforementioned variables were identified using the Delphi technique. Then, the research model was developed and analyzed using fuzzy cognitive mapping. The findings of the study suggested that the residents' support affected factors such as the destination image, tourist satisfaction, tourist loyalty, positive advertisements by word of mouth, perceived quality of services, tourists' emotional solidarity with the residents, and spatial belonging of tourists to destinations. Moreover, the results of fuzzy cognitive mapping showed that in a system consisting of the above-mentioned variables, the residents' support played a significant role in tourist loyalty and positive word-of-mouth advertisement, with its impact being greater than that of satisfaction or even service quality. In other words, winning the residents' support is a priority in this regard. Moreover, residents' support affects other relevant factors, including perceived quality, tourist satisfaction, spatial belonging, and emotional attachment. Therefore, gaining the residents’ support is highly recommended to be considered in marketing health tourism. Considering the research gaps in this field, the results of the current study could be used for enriching the related literature. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Investigating the Effect of Staff Self-Leadership on Internal Branding and Role Identity in Hotel Industry: A Case Study of 5-Star Hotels in (Mashhad)
Jamshid Najari Beydokhti Omid Behboodi

10.61186/journalitor.36248.11.23.257

The current applied descriptive-correlational study sought to investigate the effect of staff self-leadership on the outcomes of internal branding and role identity in the hotel industry. The statistical population of the study comprised all the staff of 5-star hotels i More

The current applied descriptive-correlational study sought to investigate the effect of staff self-leadership on the outcomes of internal branding and role identity in the hotel industry. The statistical population of the study comprised all the staff of 5-star hotels in Mashhad, out of whom 120 people were selected through the Morgan table using simple random sampling. The required data were collected via the standard Zhang and Zhou questionnaire (2021) whose face and construct validity were measured through expert approval and factor loads, respectively. Moreover, the reliability of the questionnaire was measured and confirmed using the Cronbach's alpha test. Finally, the collected data was analyzed via structural equation modeling. The findings of the study indicated the significant positive effect of self-leadership on brand knowledge, brand commitment, and brand citizenship behavior through factors such as the visualization of successful performance, self-goal-setting, self-talk, and self-aggrandizement. Furthermore, self-leadership factors also influence brand knowledge, brand commitment, and brand citizenship behavior through role identity. It could, therefore, be concluded that promoting self-leadership behaviors helps the internal growth of an organization’s brand and facilitates internal branding through role identity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - A Behavioral Study of Supply and Demand in Tourism Industry Based on the Capitalist System's Developments
Hamid Shayan mahdi mododi sajad ferdowsi

10.52547/journalitor.36268.10.19.0

Identifying the behavioral patterns of applicants and suppliers of tourism products in different destinations is considered as one of the most important marketing tools. Therefore, This study sought to develop a model for investigating the supply and demand behavior in More

Identifying the behavioral patterns of applicants and suppliers of tourism products in different destinations is considered as one of the most important marketing tools. Therefore, This study sought to develop a model for investigating the supply and demand behavior in tourism based on the developments made in the capitalist system. Accordingly, to identify and classify the factors regarding the behavioral changes in the supply and demand system within the tourism industry with regard to the capitalist system's developments, the relevant literature was systematically reviewed using the meta-synthesis approach. The statistical population of the study comprised all studies published in reliable scientific databases related to this study's topic. The findings of the study indicated that the supply and demand behavior in the tourism industry has changed in line with the developments made in the capitalist system from Fordism to Post-Fordism. Accordingly, behavioral changes in the tourism demand can be defined based on three components, namely planning, tourism products, and features. Also, the behavioral changes of tourism supply can be defined based on four components including the economy, planning, tourism products, structure, and function. This study prepared the ground for identifying the behavioral pattern of supply and demand in tourism by measuring and evaluating the behavioral model of supply and demand in tourism based on the capitalist system's developments, directing the development of tourism in different regions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Investigating the effect of psychological capital on organizational resilience during the outbreak of Covid-19 (Case study: Mashhad hotels)
davood ghorbanzadeh Javad Agha mohammadi

10.52547/journalitor.36276.10.19.167

The tourism industry has long been recognized as one of the most vulnerable industries to crises. Among the various sectors active in the tourism context, the hotel sector has been most affected by declining travel and accommodation rates during the Covid-19 pandemic. T More

The tourism industry has long been recognized as one of the most vulnerable industries to crises. Among the various sectors active in the tourism context, the hotel sector has been most affected by declining travel and accommodation rates during the Covid-19 pandemic. To this end, in order to reduce the destructive effects of crises on the hotel sector, the literature introduces the concept of resilience. Therefore, the present study investigates the effect of psychological capital of hotel owners and managers on organizational resilience during the outbreak of Covid-19. The present research, in terms of practical purpose, the method of collecting data is survey data and considering the relationship between variables, correlation with emphasis on structural equation modeling. To understand the relationships of the conceptual model, this study collected data using a questionnaire that was distributed among 157 owners and managers of hotel and apartment hotels in Mashhad in a convenience method. The results of testing hypotheses using SPSS and SmartPLS 3.0 software indicate that the psychological capital of owners/managers of hotel can instil hope and optimism in the employees too and can help them to accept the reality and prepare for future contingencies. It also highlights the impact of owners/manager's life satisfaction on organizational resilience relationship stating that the levels of life satisfaction of owners and managers of hotel significantly influence the process of recovery of the business. This means that despite of adversities, resilient owners and managers would make efforts to get over the negativities of COVID-19 and try to get back to normal. Manuscript profile

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